What does "hydraulic fracturing" refer to?

Hydraulic fracturing refers to a method used in the oil and gas industry to enhance the flow of hydrocarbons from rock formations. The technique involves injecting a high-pressure fluid into the subsurface at strategic locations, which creates fractures in the rock. These fractures allow oil or gas to move more freely through the rock, thereby increasing production rates.

This process is crucial for accessing resources that are otherwise difficult to extract due to their location in tightly packed geological formations. By artificially creating pathways for the oil or gas to flow, hydraulic fracturing plays a vital role in boosting the efficiency of extraction operations. Understanding this process is essential for anyone involved in drilling operations, as it directly affects production strategies and the overall success of oil and gas projects.