How is proper alignment of a borehole achieved?

Proper alignment of a borehole is crucial for various reasons, including ensuring that the well's diameter is consistent and that it intersects with targeted aquifers or geological formations accurately. The method that achieves this alignment involves utilizing a swivel in conjunction with accurate directional control of the drill string.

A swivel allows for the free rotation of the drill string while maintaining alignment, enabling the drill bit to follow a defined path with precision. This is particularly important in complex geological formations where maintaining the intended trajectory is essential for successful drilling. By directing the drill string accurately, the operator can make real-time adjustments to maintain the desired angle and path, ensuring the borehole remains aligned with the targeted depth and direction.

The other options do not effectively address alignment. Advanced drilling technology may enhance overall performance but does not specifically ensure alignment. Drilling at shallow angles can lead to variability in trajectory rather than promoting precise alignment. Regular adjustments to drill depth, while important for other aspects of the drilling process, do not inherently ensure that the borehole remains aligned through its length.